What is IoT
In this era of modernity, technology and science have made immense progress. Computer, Internet, technology, there is hardly anyone in the modern society who is unaware of these words or does not know about them. Technology and science have made human life easy and simple.
IoT (Internet of things) is a great example of this, the Internet of things has made daily life very easy and comfortable. IoT has made it even easier for us by using modern technologies and tools.
These days we see the doors automatically open and close while we enter and exit the mall. The automatic on-off of the AC of the air-conditioned room, the automatic opening of the doors of the car, all this comes as a surprise to us.
But have we ever thought that how all this is possible or what is the technology through which it became possible?
This amazing technology is known as IoT (Internet of Things). The Internet of Things is the technology of science, through which many technologies and devices are interconnected through the Internet. In this technology the devices are interconnected by internet sensors.
What is Internet of Things (IoT)
The full form of IoT or its full name is Internet of Things and Internet of Things is called "IoT" in short. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a set of devices that are connected to the Internet. IoT devices include wireless sensers, software, actuators and computer devices. They are attached to a special object that transfers data through the Internet.
Today in the new era of technology, IoT devices are being used every day in our daily life. Like Smartphone, TV, Lights, AC, Doors, Cars etc. are used by IoT sensor. Amazon Echo, Ring Doorbell and Nest Thermostat are all a part of your Internet of Things (IoT). But it is not just limited to IoT consumer products but IoT technology is being used in the medical field to agriculture industry and other big sectors. By 2021, up to 25 billion devices could make up the Internet of Things, and by 2023, that number could triple, according to Gartner.
Example- The IoT system in your car identifies oncoming traffic and automatically sends a message to the person, so you can save your time. From smart microwaves that automatically cook meals at the right time, self-driving cars that detect objects in their path by complex sensors, wearable fitness devices that measure your heart rate and the day is gone. The number of steps, then using all of these information gives suggestions about an exercise plan. All this is possible with the help of sensor.
How does IoT work?
Internet of Things is made advance by modern technology. To use the Internet of Things, it is necessary to have general knowledge of computer and internet, as it is a networking technology. With the help of Internet of Things (IOT), any person can connect the devices of his home together with the help of Internet, so that you can control all those devices from anywhere. It can be used even when the IP addresses of your mobile and devices are connected to the device simultaneously.
To use it, the devices are interconnected via WiFi or Bluetooth. Now data or instructions are exchanged between these devices through wireless technology. With the help of machine technology or computer programming, this technology can also be fully automated, for this sensor is used in it.
Example- You are working on computer in your home and due to some emergency situation you had to go out, and in this hurry you forget to turn off your computer. Sometime after leaving your home, suddenly you remember that you have forgotten to turn off your computer. In this situation the Internet of Things can prove to be a useful technology for you. Through the Internet of Things, you can shutdown your computer from wherever it is present.
Internet of things technology has a special contribution in emergency situations. If a patient is kept on the life support system in the hospital, and if suddenly the patient's condition starts deteriorating, then in these circumstances, by monitoring the vital signs of the patient, he immediately reports any emergency to the doctor.
Application of IoT
The main applications of Internet of Things are:
IoT in Smart Home
With the help of Smart Home IoT application, we can connect home appliances with the help of smart phones or sensors. With the help of this, we can turn on the lights and AC of the house before coming into the house, and can turn them off after leaving the house. If you have forgotten to close the door of your house and there is a sensor in that door, then after some time with the help of sensor the door will automatically close and its message also comes on your smartphone.
IoT Wearable Devices
Wearable Technology All those devices that we can wear such as smart clothes, smart watches, smart shoes etc., all these devices come under the Internet of Things. It is useful for fitness, health and entertainment. You must have known about smart watch.
Example- Samsung, Apple or Google company's smart watch which has many features, these watch have sensors which you can connect to your mobile and use email, call, songs etc. while working out in gym. And at the same time, these Smart Watches also tell you about your health, so that you do not have to take the mobile again and again.
IoT Industrial Internet
There is a big discussion in the industrial sector of the Industrial Internet which is called Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). The use of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) with sensors, software, devices and big data analytics to create machines is very useful in data collection, exchange and analysis and is making a big contribution in strengthening industrial engineering. Smart machines give more accurate and consistent results than humans in communicating through data.
IoT in Agriculture
Weather forecast can be done with the help of Internet of Things. With the help of IoT, records of availability and need of food-fruits can be kept. Good soil quality is important for farmers to produce good crops, so Internet of Things (IoT) helps farmers a lot in getting important information about their soil condition.
Information such as soil moisture, acidity level, presence of certain nutrients, temperature and many other chemical characteristics, controlled irrigation information to farmers, tells the best time to start sowing and can even control plant and soil diseases. also detects the presence of
IoT in Connected Car
A connected car is a vehicle that optimizes its own operation, maintenance as well as the comfort of passengers using onboard sensors and internet connectivity.
This application of the Internet of Things helps to operate the functions inside the car. With its help, the speed of the car can be controlled, doors can be opened and closed and lights can be turned on and off etc.
Most of the major auto makers are working on a solution for the connected car. Major brands such as Tesla, BMW, Apple, Google are working on bringing the next new features to the automobile.
IoT in Smart City
Smart City is a power full application. With the help of Internet of Things, everyday problems like water, electricity supply, traffic, crime and environmental problems can be solved. With the help of Internet of Things, you can find the available free-parking slots by installing Sensor in the web application.
IoT in Hospitals
The importance of Internet of Things in the hospitals and health sector is incomparable. Records of patient symptoms and reports are maintained along with keeping details of hospital equipment and data. IoT is also helpful in monitoring the patient's condition and sending any emergency information to the doctor immediately.
Features of IoT
Connectivity: Connectivity means that the IoT platform has to establish a good connection between all the devices which can be server or cloud. Connecting IoT devices requires high-speed data communication between devices and the cloud for reliable, secure, and secure communication.
Analyzing: After connecting IoT devices, the data collected in the device is analyzed in real time and used to build business intelligence.
Artificial Intelligence: IoT technology comes together of hardware, calculations and software which makes IoT devices smart. It enhances its capabilities in the environment which facilitates the devices to give output intelligently in a particular situation.
Sensing: The sensor devices used in IoT technology detect changes in the weather and report the data according to its condition. IoT technology makes an active network an active network. Without sensors, IoT cannot detect the state of the environment effectively or accurately.
Security: IoT devices are inherently insecure from the point of view of security because sensitive information is passed from endpoint to other device via the internet through connectivity devices. Therefore, it would be a mistake to forget about the security related problems. While building an IoT system, better security, security measures and firewalls have to be used so that misuse of data and manipulation of data can be kept away.
Characteristics of IoT
IoT works with four main basic components-
Sensors: The sensor collects data from the environment around it and provides this collected data from simple temperature monitoring to complex videos. A device can have multiple sensors. Sensor examples are such as GPS, Camera, Microphone, Temperature sensor etc.
Connectivity: The collected data is sent to the cloud using the connectivity transport medium. Therefore the sensors are connected to the cloud through various means of communication such as WiFi, Satellite Network, Bluetooth, Wide Area Network etc.
Data processing: In data processing, the collected data goes to the cloud, the software processes the acquired data. This can be anything from very simple items, such as checking temperature readings on equipment or identifying very difficult objects, etc.
User interface: The information on the user interface of the device is collected for the end user. It can be informed through alarm, text, email, message. Actuators are used if two devices are interconnected.
Example of IoT
Smart Lock:
Smart locks are connected to a smart watch or smart phone, and with the help of these devices, these smart locks are locked and unlocked. They do not require additional keys to lock and unlock them.
Automatic Car Tracking Adapter:
Automatic Car Tracking Adapter tracks the information related to the car. This device informs the vehicle owner by tracking the vehicle's running hours, fuel consumption, mileage, ignition on-off related information.
Smart Thermostat:
Smart thermostats are useful for heating and air conditioning of the house. By scheduling it for the whole day, it can control the temperature of the house, apart from this it can also be used with the help of sensors or any additional device such as smart watch or smart phone.
Activity Tracker:
Activity tracker is also known as fitness tracker. This IoT application is installed in smart watch or smart phone. It monitors our activities throughout the day like walking, running and makes health-related observations based on it, such as pulse rate, calories and cholesterol etc.
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